Main light: The light provides shape and facial features.
Hair light: Light used to light up the hair.
Background light: Used to illuminate the background area of a portrait.
Shadowless lighting: Fill lighting.
Butterfly: Often the Butterfly Lighting setup is augmented by a reflector or fill ight in front of the subject, underneath and just outside the frame of the shot to bounce some light up into the eyes because a light at such a high camera angle generally causes the eyes to go very dark without it.
Loop: Lighting to minimize facial features.
Split: Lighting of one side of the face.
Rembrandt: Lighting toward the middle of the portrait.
Grey Card: using a reflective meter as a way to produce the same image quality.
Hard light versus soft light: Soft light provide more of a color to the skin.
Strength - shutter speed and aperture's appropriate to portraits: You want wide aperture to take control of depth of field.
3:1 lighting ratio: Difference in lighting by 1/2 stops.
Inverse square law of light (remember photography).
Tips:
Try different positions to take the photos, try tilting their head in a different way, focus on the eyes and center of the face.
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